今天我们观看一个关于麻醉的视频吧！
蛛网膜下腔和硬膜外麻醉
Spinalanesthesiaandepiduralanesthesia
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蛛网膜下腔和硬膜外麻醉
Spinalanesthesiaandepiduralanesthesia
Ifyouhavecertainoperations,suchaspelvic,hip,orlegssurgery,youmaybeabletoavoidgeneralanesthesiabyhavingyouroperationunderspinalorepiduralanesthesiainstead.Spinalandepiduralanesthesiaarealsooftenusedduringchildbirth.
如果你要做某些手术，如骨盆、髋部或腿部手术，你可以避免做全身麻醉，而选择做在蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉。蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉也经常应用于分娩手术。
Bothspinalandepiduralanesthesiainvolvedinjectingmedicationsnearspinalcord,thismakesyounumbfromthelevelofyourchestdowntoyourfeet.Theadvantagesofspinalandepiduralanesthesiaincludetheabilitytobeawakeduringoperation,andtoavoidtherisksassociatedwithgeneralanesthesia.
蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉是将药物注射在脊髓附近，使你从胸部到脚部失去知觉。蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉的优点是病人术中保持苏醒，以及避免产生与全身麻醉相关的风险。
Becausespinalandepiduralanesthesiararelycausedecreasesinbloodpressureandotherchangesthatmightrequirerapidtreatment.Youwillhaveintravenouslineinplace,sothefluidandmedicinecanbeadministeredquickly.Youwillalsobeconnectedtovariousmonitorstokeeptrackofyourbloodpressure,pulse,andoxygencontentofyourblood.
因为蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉很少引起血压降低和其他可能需要快速治疗的生理变化。你可以留置静脉通道，因此可以将液体和药物迅速注入体内。还可以使用各种监视设备以随时监测你的血压，脉搏，和血液中氧气含量。
Priortoreceivingspinalorepiduralanesthesia,thenecessitieswilluseantisepticsolutiontocleantheareaofyourbackwithmedicinethatisinjected.Todecreasethepainfromneedlestick,hereyoumayremainstillandlocalanestheticdirectlyoverspotwithspinalorepiduralneedlewillbeinserted.
在进行蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉之前，必须使用消毒液来清洗背部区域。为了减少注射针头带来的疼痛，请保持体位不动，在拟蛛网膜下腔或硬膜外麻醉穿刺区域上使用局麻药。
Spinalanesthesiainvolvesasingleinjectionmedicationintothesacoffluidthatsurroundsyourspinalcord.Toreachthefluidsac,thenecessitieswillpassneedlethroughyourskinbetweenthevertebrabonesandfinallythroughspinalligamentsandthedurawhichisaprotectedmembranearoundyourspinalcord.
蛛网膜下腔麻醉将药物一次性注入包围脊髓的蛛网膜下腔内。为了到达蛛网膜下腔，必需将穿刺针穿过脊椎骨之间的皮肤，最后通过脊椎韧带和硬脑膜，硬脑膜是一层保护脊髓的膜。
Spinalanesthesiabeginsworkingalmostimmediatelyaftertheinjectionis